Ma Rivets, omwe amawoneka ngati osavuta koma osafunikira zitsulo, adachitapo kanthu mwakachetechete pakulumikiza ndi kuteteza kuyambira pa Industrial Revolution. Ngakhale kuti alibe kulondola kwa ulusi wa bawuti komanso kusasunthika kwa kuwotcherera, ubwino wawo wapadera wamapangidwe wawapangitsa kuti azikhala ponseponse muzamlengalenga, magalimoto, kumanga mlatho, ngakhalenso zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, kukhala "chomangira chosawoneka" chodalirika muukadaulo wamakono.
I. Chikhalidwe Chachikulu ndi Mfundo Yoyendetsera Ma Rivets
Ma Rivets nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mutu ndi shank. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo (monga chitsulo, aluminiyamu, ndi mkuwa), okhala ndi ma aloyi osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka kutengera momwe akugwiritsira ntchito. Ma Rivets amagwira ntchito polowetsa shank kudzera mu dzenje lopangidwa kale m'zigawo zolumikizidwa. Kenako, mphamvu zakunja (monga kumenya nyundo, kupondaponda, kapena kukanikiza kotentha) zimasokoneza shank (mwachitsanzo, kumeta kapena kumeta) kuti ipange "mutu" wachiwiri, womwe umatsekereza mbali zolumikizidwa pakati pa mitu iwiriyo. Njira yomangira yamakinayi sidalira kuphatikizika kwa zinthu, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kujowina zitsulo zosiyana kapena komwe chitetezo chamafuta chimafunikira.
II. Mitundu ya Rivet ndi Ntchito
Banja la rivet limapangidwa ndi mamembala ambiri, aliyense amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zenizeni:
Ma rivets olimba: Mitundu yachikhalidwe kwambiri, ma riveti awa amapangidwa ndi kumenya kapena kukanikiza kuti apange mutu wokhazikika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kulumikizana kosatha,{1}}kwamphamvu, monga kulunzanitsa khungu la ndege.
Blind rivets: Blind rivets with breakaway mandrel amachotsa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito pawiri-mbali ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu amodzi-pagulu limodzi, monga zamkati zamagalimoto ndi mapanelo amagetsi.
Zovala zamutu zokhala ndi domed/conical head rivets: Zovala zokhala ndi mipangidwe yosiyanitsidwa pamutu zimakwaniritsa kukongola ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana-zofunikira ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mapangidwe achitsulo.
Zovala zoteteza kuphulika{{0}zoteteza kuphulika: Zopangidwa mwapadera kuti zisamapangidwe zidutswa zakuthwa zikang'ambika, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachitetezo-zowonongeka ngati zakuthambo.
3. Chikhalidwe Chosasinthika cha Riveting Technology
Poyerekeza ndi zolumikizira zomangika, zomwe zimatha kumasula, ndi ma welds, omwe amatha kupunduka kapena kuwononga, ma rivets amapereka zabwino izi:
Kudalirika: Amapereka kukana kwabwino kwa kugwedezeka ndipo sangathe kumasuka pakapita nthawi yayitali.
Kusindikiza: Kulumikizana kolimba kopangidwa ndi mapindikidwe kumadzaza mipata, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kupewa kutayikira muzinthu monga matanki amafuta ndi zotengera zokakamiza.
Kusamalira-Ubwenzi: Mitundu ina ya ma riveti imatha kuchotsedwa ndi kusinthidwa, pomwe kuwotcherera kumafuna kudula ndi kuwononga zida za makolo.
Kupepuka: Ma aluminium alloy rivets amachepetsa kwambiri kulemera kwamakampani oyendetsa ndege popanda kuperekera mphamvu.
4. Chisinthiko cha Riveting kuchokera pa Buku mpaka Wanzeru
M'masiku oyambirira, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kunkadalira nyundo ndi osula zitsulo. Masiku ano, zasintha n’kukhala zongochitika zokha zokha: Maloboti ndi ma servo riveter atha kuchita bwino kwambiri mamilimita{1}}. Laser-assisted riveting amagwiritsidwanso ntchito muzamlengalenga pofuna kuwongolera kupotokoloka. Ukadaulo womwe ukubwera wa "self-pierce riveting" (SPR) umachotsa kufunika koboola-isanathe. Punch imakanikiza rivet mu pepalalo, ndikupanga mawonekedwe olumikizana, kupangitsa kukhala ukadaulo wofunikira pakupeputsa matupi amagalimoto.
Nthawi ina mukadzayang'ana mapiko onyezimira a ndege, gwirani mosalala-ngolo yamtunda wautali, kapena masulani chivundikiro chakumbuyo cha laputopu, yang'anani ma riveti amenewo, kaya ali okwera kapena osawoneka. Ngakhale kuti sali odzitukumula, ndi ngwazi zopanda pake zomwe zimachirikiza ntchito yeniyeni ya chitukuko chamakono.
